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FHIR A Complete Guide Review

FHIR A Complete Guide Review

Table of Contents

Have we ever found ourselves overwhelmed with the intricacies of healthcare interoperability? “FHIR A Complete Guide Paperback – 28 January 2019” might just be the guide we need. This comprehensive book aims to demystify FHIR (Fast Healthcare Interoperability Resources), making it a valuable asset for anyone working in the healthcare IT sector. Let’s break down this guide and see what it offers.

FHIR A Complete Guide Paperback – 28 January 2019

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Get your own FHIR A Complete Guide Paperback – 28 January 2019 today.

What Is FHIR?

Fast Healthcare Interoperability Resources (FHIR) is a standard for exchanging healthcare information electronically. Developed by Health Level Seven International (HL7), it’s designed to enable easy and secure data sharing between healthcare applications. Given the growing emphasis on interoperability in healthcare, understanding and implementing FHIR is crucial for modern healthcare institutions.

Why FHIR Matters

Unlike previous standards, FHIR uses modern web technologies, such as RESTful APIs, to facilitate smoother interactions between healthcare systems. It simplifies the process of accessing healthcare records, making it easier for different systems to communicate with each other.

Core Components of FHIR

FHIR consists of several key components, including resources, bundles, and services. Each of these plays a vital role in the seamless exchange of healthcare data.

  • Resources: The fundamental building blocks, representing clinical and administrative data.
  • Bundles: Collections of resources packaged together.
  • Services: The mechanisms that define how resources are accessed and manipulated.
FHIR A Complete Guide Paperback – 28 January 2019

FHIR A Complete Guide Paperback – 28 January 2019

AED309.47   In Stock

Who Should Read This Guide?

This guide caters to a broad audience, including healthcare IT professionals, software developers, and healthcare administrators. It’s particularly useful for those tasked with implementing or maintaining FHIR-compliant systems.

IT Professionals

If we’re working in healthcare IT, understanding FHIR is non-negotiable. This guide provides the necessary foundation and advanced concepts to ensure that our systems can communicate effectively and securely.

Software Developers

For developers, integrating FHIR into our apps can seem daunting. Other than the technicalities, this guide breaks down the step-by-step process to make our job easier.

Healthcare Administrators

Even if we’re not involved in the technical implementation, understanding FHIR helps us make informed decisions about technology investments and interoperability strategies.

Check out the FHIR A Complete Guide Paperback – 28 January 2019 here.

Structure of “FHIR A Complete Guide”

The guide is well-structured, making it relatively easy to follow. Each chapter builds on the previous one, ensuring a gradual and comprehensive understanding of FHIR.

Chapter 1: Introduction to FHIR

The first chapter gives us a foundational understanding of FHIR. It covers basic concepts like resources and profiles, setting the stage for more complex topics.

Chapter 2: Resources

This chapter delves into the different types of resources available in FHIR. Examples and practical applications are provided to illustrate each type.

Chapter 3: Interactions

Here, the book explains how resources interact with each other through various methods such as reading, creating, updating, and deleting.

Chapter 4: Security

Security is a significant concern in healthcare. This chapter helps us understand how FHIR ensures secure data exchanges.

Subsequent Chapters: Advanced Topics

The next few chapters cover advanced topics such as implementing FHIR in existing systems, best practices, and case studies.

Pros and Cons of “FHIR A Complete Guide”

To give a balanced review, let’s look at the strengths and weaknesses of this guide.

Pros

  • Comprehensive Coverage: The book covers everything from basic concepts to advanced topics, making it suitable for beginners and experts alike.
  • Practical Examples: Real-world examples help us understand how to apply FHIR in practical scenarios.
  • Structured Layout: The guide is well-organized, making it easy to follow along.

Cons

  • Complexity: Although comprehensive, the guide can be overwhelming for complete beginners.
  • Updates Needed: Given the continuously evolving nature of FHIR, some sections may need updates to stay current.

FHIR A Complete Guide Paperback – 28 January 2019

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Table: Pros and Cons Breakdown

Pros Cons
Comprehensive Coverage Can be Overwhelming for Beginners
Practical Examples Some Sections May Need Updates
Structured Layout

Application and Use Cases

Understanding FHIR is one thing, but applying it effectively is another. Here’s how this guide helps in practical applications.

Real-World Examples

The guide features real-world examples to help us understand how to implement FHIR in various healthcare settings. These examples illustrate the challenges and solutions encountered during implementation.

Case Studies

Case studies provide a detailed look into how different healthcare organizations have successfully integrated FHIR. These are invaluable for learning from others’ experiences.

Best Practices

This section provides best practices for implementing and maintaining FHIR systems, ensuring that we follow established guidelines to achieve optimal results.

FHIR A Complete Guide Paperback – 28 January 2019

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Learning Curve

Like any comprehensive guide, there’s a learning curve. However, the book’s structured layout and practical examples make it manageable.

Ease of Understanding

The initial chapters are relatively easy to grasp, especially for those with some background in healthcare IT. However, later chapters might require more time and effort to fully understand.

Supporting Tools

The guide also references various tools and resources that can aid us in the implementation of FHIR. This helps us to not only understand but also apply what we’ve learned.

Author’s Expertise

The credibility of any guide relies heavily on the author’s expertise. This book is authored by industry experts with years of experience in healthcare IT and FHIR.

Experience and Credentials

The authors bring a wealth of experience to the table, having worked on numerous FHIR projects and standards committees. Their insights add significant value to the guide.

Industry Recognition

The book is well-regarded in the industry, frequently cited in other works and often recommended by professionals in the field.

FHIR A Complete Guide Paperback – 28 January 2019

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Practical Implementation Tips

Practical implementation is where theory meets reality. This guide offers several tips to help us in real-world scenarios.

Step-by-Step Instructions

Clear, step-by-step instructions simplify the implementation process, making it easier for us to follow along and apply the concepts effectively.

Troubleshooting Advice

Inevitably, we’ll encounter challenges and roadblocks during implementation. The guide includes troubleshooting advice to help us overcome these obstacles.

Supplementary Materials

Additional resources such as checklists, code snippets, and reference materials can be extremely helpful. This guide provides these supplementary materials to aid our understanding and implementation of FHIR.

Conclusion: Is It Worth It?

After delving into the various aspects of “FHIR A Complete Guide Paperback – 28 January 2019”, it’s clear that this guide is a valuable resource for anyone involved in healthcare IT. While it may have some minor drawbacks, its comprehensive coverage, practical examples, and structured layout make it a must-read for anyone looking to master FHIR.

Get your own FHIR A Complete Guide Paperback – 28 January 2019 today.

Disclosure: As an Amazon Associate, I earn from qualifying purchases.

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Emmanuel Bazile All Rights Reserved

About Me

With 25 years of experience in healthcare IT implementation, Emmanuel began his career at the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, working as an assistant manager for a billing system implementation. Over the years, he has explored various aspects of the healthcare IT domain, successfully implementing several laboratory information systems and electronic medical record (EMR) systems, such as Cerner Millennium and Epic EMR.

In 2005, Emmanuel shifted his focus to public health, working on bio-surveillance implementation for the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). He contributed to the BioSense Data Provisioning Project and performed extensive analysis of HL7 messages in hospitals and healthcare facilities. Additionally, Emmanuel requirements analysis for the CDC BioSense Analysis, Visualization and Reporting (AVR) project and played a key role in publishing the Situational Awareness updates to the BioSense System Requirements Specification (SRS).

Over the past 11 years, Emmanuel has worked in the Middle East, implementing the Epic EMR system at Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi. As a multidisciplinary team member, he has taken on various roles, including SCRUM Master, Project Manager, Integration Engineer, and Platform Engineer. Concurrently working as an adjunct university faculty member, teaching graduate-level courses in Systems Life Cycle and undergraduate courses in Health Information Systems

From a technological standpoint, Emmanuel has designed, installed, and implemented complete hospital integration systems using Rhapsody Integration Engine, MS SQL Server, and Public Health Information Networks Messaging System (PHINMS). He has also developed over 10,000 interfaces some of which coded in Java and JavaScript.

In 2019, Emmanuel expanded his skill set and entered the field of digital marketing, quickly becoming a proficient Digital Marketing Strategist. He has since helped numerous clients develop robust digital marketing strategies for their businesses. His expertise encompasses Social Media Marketing, On-page and Off-page SEO, Google Ads, and Google Analytics. Additionally, he and a team have managed clients’ website development projects, ensuring that each site is optimized for SEO, further enhancing their online presence and performance.

Alongside their digital marketing expertise, Emmanuel has delved into the world of Affiliate Marketing, where Emmanuel and his team successfully managed and executed campaigns for a variety of clients. By identifying the right products and services to promote, Emmanuel and his team helped clients generate passive income streams and increase their overall revenue.

Their approach to Affiliate Marketing involves creating valuable content that educates and engages the target audience, while strategically incorporating affiliate links. Emmanuel and his team have experience working with multiple affiliate networks and platforms, ensuring optimal tracking and reporting of performance metrics. By staying up to date with the latest trends and best practices, Emmanuel and his team have been able to optimize affiliate campaigns for maximum results, fostering long-term partnerships and sustainable growth for their clients.

As an accomplished professional, Emmanuel holds dual Bachelor of Arts degrees in Linguistics and English, a Master of Science in Health Information Systems from the University of Pittsburgh, and a Ph.D. in Information Systems from Nova Southeastern University.

My Teaching History

Professor Bazile is a dedicated technology instructor and Adjunct Faculty professor, who began his teaching career in April 2000 at the Business Career Institute in Las Vegas, Nevada.

In 2001, he expanded his expertise by training nurses in the use of Electronic Medical Records (EMR) systems. His experience in both technology and healthcare led to his appointment as an Adjunct Faculty professor at the University of Phoenix in May 2008, where he has taught several graduate-level information technology and healthcare information systems courses.

Dr. Bazile has also developed an HL7 course, which he has taught at various healthcare facilities, drawing from his own book, “HL7: Introductory and Advanced Concepts,” currently available on Amazon. With a passion for teaching and a commitment to ensuring students get the most out of each course he teaches, Dr. Bazile is a valuable asset to both his students and the institutions he serves.

My Teaching Philosophy

My teaching philosophy as an Information Systems professor in healthcare is built on the concept that education should equip students to be confident and capable problem solvers who are prepared to traverse the complicated and ever-changing landscape of Healthcare IT.

In order to accomplish this, I prioritize the creation of a dynamic and engaging learning environment that encourages students to engage with course material and with one another. This involves employing a range of teaching approaches, such as lectures, seminars, and hands-on activities, to ensure that students learn in the manner that best matches their learning style.

I believe the reason we have Information Systems as a discipline is to allow students to apply technology to solve real world problems. If that is the case, both undergraduate and graduate students have to be challenged to incorporate their core academic courses with their matriculated subjects. As such, it is important that students enter their Junior and Senior years with a strong command of the core courses such as Programming, databases, networks, hardware and software, as they serve as the foundation upon which real-world solutions will be built.

I also believe in the importance of incorporating real-world examples and case studies into my courses, as this helps to connect abstract concepts to practical applications. Additionally, I encourage students to apply what they are learning to their own personal and professional goals, as this helps to make the material more meaningful and relevant to their lives.

I strive to foster a positive and supportive learning environment where all students feel comfortable asking questions and participating in class discussions. I believe that this is key to fostering a sense of community and ensuring that all students have the opportunity to succeed.

I have also taught online courses. I have found in an asynchronous learning environment it can be difficult to apply the Peer Teaching or Experiential Learning Pedagogical Approaches. However, I have found the Discovery Learning approach to works quite well. Along with a boost to students’ self-confidence, Discovery Learning in an online environment allows students to synthesize information, expand on existing concepts on their own, while experiencing a positive outcome through trial and error.

Ultimately, my mission as an educator, and a Healthcare IT Information Systems professor is to provide students with the knowledge, skills, and confidence they need to thrive and succeed in their careers and to be technological leaders. By creating a positive and supportive learning environment, incorporating real-world examples and case studies, and encouraging students to apply what they are learning to their own objectives; my hope is to inspire and empower all students to achieve their full potential.

Population Size:

A total of 310 responses were originally received. Any response containing missing data due to unclicked radio buttons or unchecked checkboxes were first reviewed, and, if justified, were omitted from analysis. For surveys with missing data, a total of 18 responses were removed. In order to address any issues with response-set, the data was downloaded into Microsoft Access and queries ran to identify responses that contained the same values for each question. A total of 16 responses were found to be qualified for removal. Another 18 were identified as outliers and removed leaving a total of 258 responses for the study analysis.

In order to assess multivariate outliers, the Mahalanobis distances were calculated and plotted against their corresponding Chi-Square distribution percentiles (Schmidt & Hunter, 2003). The resulting scatterplot is similar to a univariate normal Q-Q plot, where deviations from a straight line show evidence of non-normality. The data showed indications of moderate deviations from multivariate normality, as indicated by the concavity of the data points. There were no additional multivariate outliers or missing values in the data after the removal of 52 responses.

Descriptive Statistics

Frequencies and percentages were conducted for the demographics indicators, while means and standard deviations were calculated for the continuous indicators. For gender, there were 151 females (59%) and 107 males (41%) in the sample. For ethnicity, most participants were Caucasian (119, 46%), followed by African American (56, 22%). The two most populous education levels were Bachelor’s (90, 35%) and Master’s (62, 22%). The biggest proportion of the sample by age group was the 35-44 age group (101, 39%) followed by the 45-54 age group (59, 23%).

Analysis:

Confirmatory Factor Analysis and Composite Reliability

A CFA was conducted along with a reliability analysis to assess construct validity. Examination of modification indices and factor loadings indicated that CSE1, CSE5, CSE7, PC5, ATE1, ATE6, ATE8, PP5, and PP6 were all causing significant problems with the model parameters. The results of the last iteration of the CFA performed in R showed significantly improved fit, although still poor overall (χ2(545) = 2125.61, p < .001, CFI = 0.82, TLI = 0.81, RMSEA = 0.11). The high degrees of freedom indicate that a very large number of parameters are being estimated in this model.

Composite Reliability

For the full model, each construct had excellent reliability. The ATE latent construct had a composite reliability value of 0.89. The ORC construct had a composite reliability value of 0.94. The CSE latent construct had a composite reliability value of 0.85 and PC had a composite reliability value of 0.95. For PP and RES, the composite reliability scores were 0.80 and 0.96 respectively. These values indicate that the loadings for each construct were all directionally similar, and that the items in each construct show a high degree of consistency.

Cronbach’s Alpha

Cronbach’s alpha values were calculated for the items in each construct. The alphas for PC (α = 0.90), AXY (α = 0.94), and RES (α = 0.94) indicated excellent reliability. The alphas for CSE (α = 0.80), ATE (α = 0.88), and PP (α = 0.83) all showed good reliability. These values confirm the results of the composite reliability tests, and reiterate the high degree of reliability within each latent construct.

Partial Least Squares – Structural Equation Modeling

A partial least squares- structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) was conducted to determine how well the data fit the proposed model, and discern whether significant relationships existed between the independent and dependent constructs. The full model showed AVE values of 0.53 for ATE, 0.69 for AXY, 0.44 for CSE, .72 for PC, .35 for PP, and 0.81 for RES. The high values for AXY, PC, and RES indicate that the amount of variance accounted for in the manifest variables is sufficiently high. The values for ATE, CSE, and PP indicate that some of the variance in the manifest variables is left unexplained.

Structural Model

Once the measurement model had been tested for model specification, the structural model was tested to determine if ATE, AXY, CSE, PC, and PP had a significant effect on RES. A path weighted model was calculated using 10,000 bootstrap samples in R. The results showed a pseudo R-squared value of 0.78. This indicates that approximately 78% of the variance in RES is explainable by the collective effects of CSE, PC, ATE, PP, and AXY.

Further examination of the effects indicated that AXY had a highly significant effect on RES (B = 0.87, p < .001). This indicates that a standard deviation increase in AXY increases the expected value of RES by 0.87 standard deviations. CSE did not have a significant effect on RES (B = 0.02, p = .423). Additionally, CSE (B = 0.02, p = .423), PC (B = 0.05, p = .334), ATE (B = 0.00, p = .983), and PP (B = 0.03, p = .407) did not have significant effects on RES. Table 11 outlines the results of the path estimates.

Correlation Analyses

Both Pearson and Spearman correlations were calculated on the composite scores. The results of the Pearson correlations indicated that CSE was significantly correlated AXY (r = 0.22, p < .001) and RES (r = 0.21, p < .001). The results also indicated that PC was significantly correlated with ATE (r = -0.79, p < .001), AXY (r = 0.18, p < .001), and RES (r = 0.20, p < .001). ATE was significantly correlated with AXY (r = -0.19, p < .001) and RES (r = -0.19, p < .001). AXY was significantly correlated with RES (r = 0.85, p < .001).

ANCOVA Analyses

An analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was conducted to determine if a significant relationship existed between the AXY, PP, CSE, PC, ATE scores and RES controlling for Gender, Age, Ethnicity, Education, and Specialty. The overall model was found to be significant (F(63,194) = 53.39, p < .001), with an R2 value of .95, indicating that 95% of the variance in RES was explained by the collective effect of the independent variables and covariates.

Since the overall model was found to be significant, the model’s covariates were assessed. The AXY (F(10,194) = 262.20, p < .001), ATE (F(7,194) = 2.20, p = .036), Years computers (F(1,194) = 5.71, p = .018), and PC (F(12,194) = 2.00, p = .026) scores were found to be significant, indicating that a significant amount of variance in RES is explained by AXY, ATE, and PC.

A path diagram depicting the results of the structural model.

Results

This research investigated Computer Self-Efficacy (CSE), Perceived Complexity (PC), Attitudes toward EMR Systems (ATE), Peer Pressure (PP), and Anxiety (AXY) to determine whether these constructs as individuals, or as a group, or coupled together with some other factors could significantly explain resistance to EMR systems. Quantitative examination of self-reported survey results was performed to understand the strength and significance of the relationships, while these relationships were investigated to test the strength of model fit.

the regression paths of the structural model were examined to test the hypotheses. Significance was determined using an alpha level of .05. The model had an overall R2 value of 0.78. This indicates that approximately 78% of the variability in RES can be accounted for by CSE, PC, ATE, PP, and AXY. Since the overall model was significant, the individual coefficients can be interpreted. Some of the hypotheses were supported by the results of this study, and some were rejected. The construction of a data model of the relationships in this study could not meet thresholds that would be evidence of a good fit of the relationships identified in the study.

The fifth hypotheses tested the influence of AXY on resistance to EMR systems. AXY was expressed to be significantly related to resistance (r=.87, p<.001). This finding supports the hypothesis that anxiety with the EMR system will lead to medical care professionals rejecting use of the system. Unlike the findings of the first four hypotheses, the findings of the current study support previous research. Angst and Agarwal (2009) indicated that AXY is a factor which is significantly related to the problem of EMR system resistance. Based on the empirical findings of previous research, the present research and conceptual propositions and conclusions in previously written scholarly articles, there is a great deal of support for the finding that AXY is significantly influenced by EMR resistance.

The findings of this research do not support all findings by previous researchers, and there are multiple relationships which had been established as being significant that were identified as being insignificant in the current research. Generally, because of the inconsistency of previous findings and the current study there may be elements related to the sample examined or other contextual factors which may contribute to the inconsistency that exists. Ultimately, it is suggested that there be further research done on the problem of resistance to EMR system use.

Ultimately the findings support a new take on the problem of EMR system resistance that may contribute to the ways in which scholars investigate the problem of EMR resistance in general. This may also help with the way practitioners approach EMR systems, and articulate value of the systems to medical professionals investing record-keeping systems in the workplace.